Web and Mobile Accessibility

Appendices — A: WCAG 2.2 AA checklist · B: what automated testing can and cannot catch · C: EAA readiness checklist · D: accessible documents. Plus a glossary.

• Seven personas across the disability spectrum ground every chapter — including Sophia, a blind software engineer who codes by touch and sound.
• Recipes for the components you actually ship — modals, tabs, menus, comboboxes, tooltips, carousels — with keyboard and screen-reader behaviour spelled out.
• Testing that finds real barriers, including testing with disabled people, on the stated basis that automation alone catches a third to a half of issues.
• Honestly sourced — directional data flagged as directional, never dressed up as proof.

Penalties are where misinformation is thickest, so it is worth being careful. The EAA does not set a single EU-wide fine. Article 30 requires only that penalties be "effective, proportionate, and dissuasive," that authorities weigh the severity and duration of a breach, and that any penalty be paired with a duty to actually fix the problem. Each member state then sets its own numbers, which is why the figures vary so widely.

Be skeptical of the scary numbers. You will see "up to €250,000 per breach" and even seven-figure sums quoted across the web. Many of these come from vendor marketing, not primary legislation, and the widely repeated "€250,000 per breach" figure does not appear in the Directive at all. The figures that are confirmed against national law are more modest — and still serious.

• Germany (BFSG) — administrative fines up to €100,000 per violation.
• France — €7,500 per infraction for a legal entity, doubling to €15,000 for repeat offences, with product withdrawal available to authorities.
• Italy — up to €40,000, or as much as 5% of turnover, under its extended Stanca Law framework.
• Ireland — fines reaching into the low hundreds of thousands, and — unusually — possible imprisonment of company directors for persistent, wilful non-compliance.

Treat any figure you cannot trace to a national statute as marketing until proven otherwise.

Greece is absent from that list for a reason the book and the site both document: the presidential decree that would set its penalties has not been issued. See Πρόστιμα EAA στην Ελλάδα.

The same expertise, applied to your product: explore accessibility & UX services, run the free EAA & WCAG readiness checklist, or get a fixed-scope EAA Exposure Report.

Matthaios Mantzios is Head of UX & Design at ITML and founder of UXellence, an NN/g-certified UX practitioner with an M.Sc. He can speak on the European Accessibility Act and its enforcement in Greece, WCAG 2.2 in practice, accessibility in design systems, and testing with disabled users.

Review copies on request — matthaios@uxellence.gr.